Disease overview

Alterations

174

Molecular (A)

100

Clinical (B–E)

Direct drugs

171

Via biomarker

207

Natural agents

Natural products

Merged ranked

377

With trial/literature evidence

Sources: Open Targets, HPO, ClinicalTrials.gov, DGIdb, ChEMBL, PubMed Literature, PubMed NP, ClinicalTrials.gov NP · Pipeline phase 7 · Updated 2026-07-05

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission

Migraine frequency fluctuates; spontaneous remission (no attacks for 12+ months) occurs in ~25% over 10-year follow-up; 40% of migraine sufferers qualify for preventive therapy but only 3-13% receive it

Best-intervention remission

CGRP monoclonal antibodies (erenumab, fremanezumab, galcanezumab) achieve ≥50% reduction in monthly migraine days in 50-70% of patients; complete response (near-zero days) in 10-30%; acute triptans achieve 2-hour pain freedom in 30-40%

Drug-free remission

—

Relapse after remission

—

Chronicity

—

Gap size

Large — primarily an access/utilization gap for preventive therapy

Primary barrier

practice/access

Barrier detail: Only 3-13% of the ~10 million US adults who qualify for preventive therapy receive it; prior authorization barriers for CGRP mAbs are substantial; widespread underdiagnosis; opioid prescribing for migraine in ED associated with medication overuse headache

Last SoC change: 2018-2020 — FDA approved first CGRP-targeted preventive therapies (erenumab 2018, fremanezumab/galcanezumab 2018-2019, atogepant 2021); prior prevention (beta-blockers, topiramate, amitriptyline) unchanged since 1990s-2000s; triptans first-line acute since 1993

Remission data layers: disease_db_100 · source-locked manual data · confidence: high

Identifiers: MONDO: MONDO:0005277 · ORPHA: ORPHA:164736

Alterations

174 total · Types A (molecular) through E (functional)

Name	Type	Subtype	Direction	Frequency	Evidence	Sources	Links
Abnormal speech pattern	Functional	Functional	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Agitation	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Alien limb phenomenon	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Anxiety	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Aphasia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Apraxia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Ataxia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Auditory hallucination	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Bilateral tonic-clonic seizure	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Blindness	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Blurred vision	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
CSF lymphocytic pleiocytosis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
CSF pleocytosis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Cerebellar atrophy	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Cerebral edema	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Coma	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Confusion	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Diplopia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Dissociated sensory loss	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Distal upper limb muscle weakness	Functional	Functional test	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Drowsiness	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Dysarthria	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Dyscalculia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Dysmetria	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
EEG abnormality	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
EEG with focal sharp waves	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
EEG with generalized sharp slow waves	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Episodic ataxia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Facial paralysis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Facial tics	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Fever	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
First dorsal interossei muscle weakness	Functional	Functional test	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Focal manual automatism seizure	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Focal motor seizure	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Focal pedal automatism seizure	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Focal sensory seizure	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Gait ataxia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Gaze-evoked horizontal nystagmus	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Hearing impairment	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Hemiparesis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Hemiplegia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Impaired temperature sensation	Functional	Functional test	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Increased CSF protein concentration	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Intellectual disability	Functional	Functional test	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Involuntary movements	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Language impairment	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Migraine	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Migraine with aura	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Muscle weakness	Functional	Functional test	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Nausea	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Nystagmus	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Paresthesia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Phonophobia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Photophobia	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Postural instability	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Psychosis	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Seesaw nystagmus	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Seizure	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Spontaneous pain sensation	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Status epilepticus	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Tinnitus	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Tongue fasciculations	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Transient unilateral blurring of vision	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Tremor	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Vertical nystagmus	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Vertigo	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Visual hallucination	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
Vomiting	Pathology	Pathological finding	—	—	Moderate	HPO, Monarch	HPO
ADAMTSL4 ADAMTS like 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADORA1 adenosine A1 receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADORA2A adenosine A2a receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADORA2B adenosine A2b receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADORA3 adenosine A3 receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1A adrenoceptor alpha 1A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1B adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1D adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA2A adrenoceptor alpha 2A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA2B adrenoceptor alpha 2B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA2C adrenoceptor alpha 2C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRB1 adrenoceptor beta 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRB2 adrenoceptor beta 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ALDH5A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ATP1A2 ATPase Na+/K+ transporting subunit alpha 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Adverse events	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
CA2 carbonic anhydrase 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CA4 carbonic anhydrase 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CACNA1A calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CALCA calcitonin related polypeptide alpha	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CALCB calcitonin related polypeptide beta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CALCRL calcitonin receptor like receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
COL4A1 collagen type IV alpha 1 chain	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Changes from baseline in HEADWORK part 1 across 12 months of mAbs treatment (continuous variable)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
DRD2 dopamine receptor D2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FAAH fatty acid amide hydrolase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
FHL5 four and a half LIM domains 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA3 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA4 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA5 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA6 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha6	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRB1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRB2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRB3 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRD gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit delta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRE gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit epsilon	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRG1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRG2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRG3 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRP gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit pi	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRQ gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit theta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA1 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA2 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA3 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA4 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK1 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK2 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK3 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK4 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK5 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HEY2 hes related family bHLH transcription factor with YRPW motif 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HIC1 HIC ZBTB transcriptional repressor 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR1A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR1B 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR1D 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR1F 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1F	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR2B 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR2C 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Headache Response measured on a four-point scale	Scales & PROs	Clinical scale	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
IRAG1 inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor associated 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ITGB5 integrin subunit beta 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ITPK1 inositol-tetrakisphosphate 1-kinase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
JAG1 jagged canonical Notch ligand 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
KCNK18 potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 18	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
KCNK5 potassium two pore domain channel subfamily K member 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
KIAA0040 KIAA0040	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
MPPED2 metallophosphoesterase domain containing 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
MRGPRE MAS related GPR family member E	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Migraine load difference (evaluated by MIDAS) when exercising in nature versus indoors	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Migraine load difference (evaluated by MIDAS) when exercising in sync with chronotype versus not in sync	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
NOTCH3 notch receptor 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Number of Participants With Treatment Emergent Adverse Events	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
OPRD1 opioid receptor delta 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
OPRK1 opioid receptor kappa 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
OPRM1 opioid receptor mu 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PHACTR1 phosphatase and actin regulator 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PLEK pleckstrin	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
POC5 POC5 centriolar protein	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PRDM16 PR/SET domain 16	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PRRT2 proline rich transmembrane protein 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PTGS1 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PTGS2 prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
RAMP1 receptor activity modifying protein 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
RNF213 ring finger protein 213	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN10A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 10	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN11A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN1A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN2A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN3A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN4A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN5A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN7A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 7	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN8A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 8	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN9A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SLC24A3 solute carrier family 24 member 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SLC6A2 solute carrier family 6 member 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SLC6A3 solute carrier family 6 member 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SNAP25 synaptosome associated protein 25	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SUGCT succinyl-CoA:glutarate-CoA transferase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
TGFBR2 transforming growth factor beta receptor 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
TRPM8 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily M member 8	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
TRPV1 transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
TSPAN2 tetraspanin 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ZEB2 zinc finger E-box binding homeobox 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets

Therapeutics

Direct disease associations, biomarker-linked drugs, OSMF narrative-review natural agents, merged ranking, and clinical trial / literature evidence (top agents)

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
METOPROLOL	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT05546320 — Comparison of the Effect of Medication Therapy in Alleviating Migraine With Patent Foramen Ovale (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT05690737 — Tai Chi for the Prophylaxis of Episodic Migraine: the Efficacy Examination and Mechanism Exploration (RECRUITING) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ADENOSINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMINOPHYLLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APOMORPHINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASENAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ASPIRIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATIPAMEZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATROPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BETHANIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BRIMONIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BRIMONIDINE TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROMOCRIPTINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CABERGOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CAFFEINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CAFFEINE CITRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARVEDILOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELIPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CHLORPROMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEBRISOQUIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEFIBROTIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPIVEFRIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIPIVEFRIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONEDARONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DROXIDOPA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02031822 — Two US-guided Techniques for Greater Occipital Nerve Blocks (COMPLETED) NA NCT00109083 — A Study of the Efficacy of RWJ-333369 in the Prevention of Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE2 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES, USP Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETOMIDATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FENOLDOPAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FLAVONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANABENZ Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GUANABENZ ACETATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
HYDROXYAMPHETAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ILOPERIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
IMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDAPAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISTRADEFYLLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT01431326 — Pharmacokinetics of Understudied Drugs Administered to Children Per Standard of Care (COMPLETED) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVODOPA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LEVONORDEFRIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LURASIDONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MAFENIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MECAMYLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEFLOQUINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPERIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METARAMINOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHAMPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHAZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOTRIMEPRAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOXSALEN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLDOPA ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
METHYLDOPATE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIANSERIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILNACIPRAN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIRTAZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MODAFINIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXISYLYTE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXONIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NAFTOPIDIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALIDIXIC ACID Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAPHAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEFAZODONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NICARDIPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NICOTINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIFEDIPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORTRIPTYLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLANZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXTRIPHYLLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PAPAVERINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PENTOXIFYLLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PERGOLIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENDIMETRAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENTOLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE POLISTIREX Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYTOIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PROPIOMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE POLISTIREX Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RACEPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA (USP) Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
REGADENOSON Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
REGADENOSON ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
REMIFENTANIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RISPERIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SERTINDOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SILODOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SIROLIMUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SULBACTAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACROLIMUS ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAZOBACTAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TERAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TETRAHYDROZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THEOPHYLLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
THEOPHYLLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THEOPHYLLINE SODIUM GLYCINATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THIORIDAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02403687 — Prospective Analgesic Compound Efficacy (PACE) Study (COMPLETED) NCT05484349 — TIzanidine for the Preventive Treatment of Episodic MigrainE （TIME） (RECRUITING) PHASE3 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRAZODONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRIFLUOPERAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
VIDARABINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
YOHIMBINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ZIPRASIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ALNIDITAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AVITRIPTAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPIVACAINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLOPIDOGREL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXAMETHASONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPHENHYDRAMINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPYRONE SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHINYL ESTRADIOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOPROFEN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOROLAC	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LACOSAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVONORGESTREL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM SULFATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM SULFATE ANHYDROUS	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELOXICAM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOCLOPRAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOCLOPRAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAPROXEN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ONABOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PALMIDROL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROCHLORPERAZINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMETHAZINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TELCAGEPANT	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VALPROIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VITAMIN E	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZONISAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DARAPLADIB Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENRETINIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
AIR, MEDICAL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMITRIPTYLINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BGC-20-1531	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BI-44370	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BIMATOPROST	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPRENORPHINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANNABIDIOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANNABIGEROL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARBON DIOXIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CORTICOTROPIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONABINOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELISMETREP	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GW-274150	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOVALERAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LAT-8881	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LETIBOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOXAPINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LY-2300559	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LY2590443	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELATONIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MK3207	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NABIXIMOLS	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NB-001	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIACIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLCEGEPANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYGEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYTOCIN	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPOFOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIVAROXABAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ROCAPULDENCEL-T	Cell therapy	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SB-705498	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SELURAMPANEL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SERGOLEXOLE MALEATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TEZAMPANEL ANHYDROUS	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIMOLOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALPRENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROLAMFETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARZENIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMECAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELLAGIC ACID Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENISOPROST Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENCAMFAMIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLEROXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IDOXIFENE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LYSERGIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MERAFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENAMFETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIDAPAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
GABAPENTIN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOCONAZOLE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OCTREOTIDE	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSILOCYBIN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIDEMBERSAT	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
2,2,3-TRIMETHYLBUTANE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETAMINOPHEN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALMOTRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALMOTRIPTAN MALATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASPIRIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATEZOLIZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATOGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BEVACIZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUDIPINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUTALBITAL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CAFFEINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CALCITONIN	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANDESARTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELECOXIB	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CETUXIMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CILOSTAZOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLEMASTINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CODEINE PHOSPHATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAXIBOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXKETOPROFEN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICLOFENAC	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICLOFENAC POTASSIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLPROPION	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIHYDROERGOTAMINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIHYDROERGOTAMINE MESYLATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIVALPROEX SODIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONITRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOTARIZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXYCYCLINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DULOXETINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELETRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELETRIPTAN HYDROBROMIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPOPROSTENOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPTINEZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERENUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOTAMINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENTANYL CITRATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUMEDROXONE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUNARIZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUNARIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FONAZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FREMANEZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FROVATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FROVATRIPTAN SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GALCANEZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GINGER	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IBUPROFEN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IPRAZOCHROME	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOMETHEPTENE MUCATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
L-694247	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LAMOTRIGINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LASMIDITAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LASMIDITAN SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVCROMAKALIM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LISURIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOMERIZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LORNOXICAM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYSERGIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILNACIPRAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAPROXEN SODIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NARATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NARATRIPTAN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITRIC OXIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITROGLYCERIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITROUS OXIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIVOLUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXETORONE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEMBROLIZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PIZOTYLINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PNU-109291	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIMEGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIMEGEPANT SULFATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RITUXIMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIZATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SILDENAFIL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUMATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOPIRAMATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRASTUZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
UBROGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VIPALANEBART	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZAVEGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZAVEGEPANT HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZOLMITRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ALNIDITAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AVITRIPTAN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPIVACAINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLOPIDOGREL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXAMETHASONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPHENHYDRAMINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPYRONE SODIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHINYL ESTRADIOL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOPROFEN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOROLAC	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOROLAC TROMETHAMINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LACOSAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVONORGESTREL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM SULFATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM SULFATE ANHYDROUS	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELOXICAM	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOCLOPRAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOCLOPRAMIDE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAPROXEN	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ONABOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PALMIDROL	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROCHLORPERAZINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMETHAZINE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TELCAGEPANT	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VALPROIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VITAMIN E	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZONISAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AIR, MEDICAL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMITRIPTYLINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BGC-20-1531	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BI-44370	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BIMATOPROST	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPRENORPHINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANNABIDIOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANNABIGEROL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARBON DIOXIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CORTICOTROPIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONABINOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELISMETREP	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GW-274150	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOVALERAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LAT-8881	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LETIBOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOXAPINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LY-2300559	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LY2590443	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MELATONIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT05546320 — Comparison of the Effect of Medication Therapy in Alleviating Migraine With Patent Foramen Ovale (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT05690737 — Tai Chi for the Prophylaxis of Episodic Migraine: the Efficacy Examination and Mechanism Exploration (RECRUITING) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MK3207	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NABIXIMOLS	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NB-001	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIACIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLCEGEPANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYGEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYTOCIN	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPOFOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIVAROXABAN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ROCAPULDENCEL-T	Cell therapy	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SB-705498	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SELURAMPANEL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SERGOLEXOLE MALEATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TEZAMPANEL ANHYDROUS	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIMOLOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GABAPENTIN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETOCONAZOLE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPREDNISOLONE SODIUM SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OCTREOTIDE	Biologic	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSILOCYBIN	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIDEMBERSAT	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
2,2,3-TRIMETHYLBUTANE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETAMINOPHEN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALMOTRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALMOTRIPTAN MALATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASPIRIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATEZOLIZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATOGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BEVACIZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE A	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUDIPINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPIVACAINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUTALBITAL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CAFFEINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CALCITONIN	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANDESARTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELECOXIB	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CETUXIMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CILOSTAZOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLEMASTINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CODEINE PHOSPHATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DAXIBOTULINUMTOXINA	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXKETOPROFEN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICLOFENAC	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICLOFENAC POTASSIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLPROPION	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIHYDROERGOTAMINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIHYDROERGOTAMINE MESYLATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIVALPROEX SODIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONITRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOTARIZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXYCYCLINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DULOXETINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELETRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELETRIPTAN HYDROBROMIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPOPROSTENOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPTINEZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERENUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOTAMINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENTANYL CITRATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUMEDROXONE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUNARIZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUNARIZINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FONAZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FREMANEZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FROVATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FROVATRIPTAN SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GALCANEZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GINGER	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IBUPROFEN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IPRAZOCHROME	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOMETHEPTENE MUCATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
L-694247	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LAMOTRIGINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LASMIDITAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LASMIDITAN SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVCROMAKALIM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LISURIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LOMERIZINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LORNOXICAM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYSERGIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILNACIPRAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAPROXEN SODIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NARATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NARATRIPTAN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITRIC OXIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITROGLYCERIN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NITROUS OXIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIVOLUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXETORONE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEMBROLIZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PIZOTYLINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PNU-109291	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIMEGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIMEGEPANT SULFATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RITUXIMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIZATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIZATRIPTAN BENZOATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SILDENAFIL	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUMATRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUMATRIPTAN SUCCINATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOPIRAMATE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRASTUZUMAB	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
UBROGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VIPALANEBART	Biologic	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZAVEGEPANT	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZAVEGEPANT HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZOLMITRIPTAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ADENOSINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMINOPHYLLINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APOMORPHINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ASENAPINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ASPIRIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATENOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATIPAMEZOLE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATROPINE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BETHANIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BRIMONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BRIMONIDINE TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROMOCRIPTINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CABERGOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CAFFEINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CAFFEINE CITRATE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARVEDILOL Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELIPROLOL Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CHLORPROMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEBRISOQUIN Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEFIBROTIDE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPIVEFRIN Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIPIVEFRIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONEDARONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DROXIDOPA Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02031822 — Two US-guided Techniques for Greater Occipital Nerve Blocks (COMPLETED) NA NCT00109083 — A Study of the Efficacy of RWJ-333369 in the Prevention of Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE2 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES, USP Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETOMIDATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FENOLDOPAM Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FLAVONE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANABENZ Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GUANABENZ ACETATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
HYDROXYAMPHETAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ILOPERIDONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
IMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDAPAMIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISTRADEFYLLINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT01431326 — Pharmacokinetics of Understudied Drugs Administered to Children Per Standard of Care (COMPLETED) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVODOPA Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LEVONORDEFRIN Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LURASIDONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MAFENIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MECAMYLAMINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEFLOQUINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPERIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METARAMINOL Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHAMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOTRIMEPRAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOXSALEN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLDOPA ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
METHYLDOPATE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT05546320 — Comparison of the Effect of Medication Therapy in Alleviating Migraine With Patent Foramen Ovale (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT05690737 — Tai Chi for the Prophylaxis of Episodic Migraine: the Efficacy Examination and Mechanism Exploration (RECRUITING) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIANSERIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILNACIPRAN Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIRTAZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MODAFINIL Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXISYLYTE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NAFTOPIDIL Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALIDIXIC ACID Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAPHAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEFAZODONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NICARDIPINE Repurposing via ADORA3	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NICOTINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIFEDIPINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORFLOXACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORTRIPTYLINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OFLOXACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLANZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXTRIPHYLLINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PAPAVERINE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PENTOXIFYLLINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PERGOLIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENDIMETRAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENTOLAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE POLISTIREX Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYTOIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PROPIOMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE POLISTIREX Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RACEPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA (USP) Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
REGADENOSON Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
REGADENOSON ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
REMIFENTANIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RISPERIDONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SERTINDOLE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SILODOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SIROLIMUS Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SULBACTAM Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACROLIMUS ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAZOBACTAM Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TERAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TETRAHYDROZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THEOPHYLLINE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
THEOPHYLLINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THEOPHYLLINE SODIUM GLYCINATE Repurposing via ADORA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THIORIDAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02403687 — Prospective Analgesic Compound Efficacy (PACE) Study (COMPLETED) NCT05484349 — TIzanidine for the Preventive Treatment of Episodic MigrainE （TIME） (RECRUITING) PHASE3 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRAZODONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRIFLUOPERAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
VIDARABINE Repurposing via ADORA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLAZINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
YOHIMBINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ZIPRASIDONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DARAPLADIB Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENRETINIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALPRENOLOL Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIFLOXACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROLAMFETAMINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARZENIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIFLOXACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMECAMINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELLAGIC ACID Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENISOPROST Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENCAMFAMIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLEROXACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IDOXIFENE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LYSERGIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MERAFLOXACIN Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENAMFETAMINE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIDAPAMIDE Repurposing via ADORA1	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets

Natural Products

80 natural products with the same evidence schema as repurposed drugs — registry trials, PubMed literature, and reference links (pipeline-ranked)

Reference lookups: GreenMedInfo · Examine.com

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
Vitamin D3 Natural product Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine. Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with migraine.	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	10	8 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT04935970 — Metabolic Disorders and Vertigo (UNKNOWN) NCT06304948 — The Link Between Human Cytomegalovirus Gene Expression and Glutamate Level in Migraine;Relation to Vitamin D Deficiency (UNKNOWN) NCT05449145 — The Effects of Vitamin D Plus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients With Episodic Migraine (UNKNOWN) NA NCT01225263 — Statin/Vitamin D & Migraine Study (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA NCT06274255 — Serum Magnesium Level and Pediatric Migraine (UNKNOWN) NCT01695460 — A Randomized, Parallel, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of Vitamin D as Prophylactic Treatment for Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06763809 — A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effects of a Gummy and Capsule Supplement on Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Vitamin C Natural product Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine. Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with migraine.	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	10	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02629536 — Effect on Migraine Frequency of Combined Anti-oxidant Therapy: The MIGRANT Study. (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Vitamin E Natural product Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine. Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with migraine.	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	10	4 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT04007874 — Oral Contraceptive Pill Compared With Vitamin E in Women With Migraine (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT02629536 — Effect on Migraine Frequency of Combined Anti-oxidant Therapy: The MIGRANT Study. (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA NCT01699009 — A Nutritional Intervention for Migraines-2 (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Magnesium Natural product Meta Analysis Intravenous and oral magnesium should be adapted as parts of multimodal… Human Study, Review Serum concentration of magnesium as an independent risk factor in migra… Human Study Higher dietary magnesium intake is associated with significantly reduce…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	8 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02643719 — Migraine Treatment in ED (WITHDRAWN) NA NCT04305522 — Probiotics for the Prophylaxis of Migraine (UNKNOWN) NA NCT04463875 — Magnesium, Vitamin B2, Feverfew, Andrographis Paniculata and Coenzyme Q10 for Episodic Migraine Prophylaxis (COMPLETED) NCT01756209 — Acetaminophen and Ibuprofen With and Without Magnesium and Primary Migraine in Childhood (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT01010711 — Influence of a Dietary Supplement as Treatment of Migraine in Children and Adolescents (UNKNOWN) NA NCT06274255 — Serum Magnesium Level and Pediatric Migraine (UNKNOWN) NCT02901756 — A Combination of Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew and Magnesium for Migraine Prophylaxis : a Prospective Observational Study (COMPLETED) NCT06904287 — Effectiveness of Magnesium in Addition to Prochlorperazine for the Treatment of Migraines (RECRUITING) PHASE3 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Vitamin C Natural product Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Combined antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine reduces headaches an… Human Study Dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with migraine.	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	10	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02629536 — Effect on Migraine Frequency of Combined Anti-oxidant Therapy: The MIGRANT Study. (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Vitamin D3 Natural product Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine. Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Combined antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine reduces headaches an…	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	10	8 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT04935970 — Metabolic Disorders and Vertigo (UNKNOWN) NCT06304948 — The Link Between Human Cytomegalovirus Gene Expression and Glutamate Level in Migraine;Relation to Vitamin D Deficiency (UNKNOWN) NCT05449145 — The Effects of Vitamin D Plus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients With Episodic Migraine (UNKNOWN) NA NCT01225263 — Statin/Vitamin D & Migraine Study (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA NCT06274255 — Serum Magnesium Level and Pediatric Migraine (UNKNOWN) NCT01695460 — A Randomized, Parallel, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study of Vitamin D as Prophylactic Treatment for Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT06763809 — A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effects of a Gummy and Capsule Supplement on Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Vitamin E Natural product Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Combined antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine reduces headaches an… Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine.	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	10	4 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT04007874 — Oral Contraceptive Pill Compared With Vitamin E in Women With Migraine (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT02629536 — Effect on Migraine Frequency of Combined Anti-oxidant Therapy: The MIGRANT Study. (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA NCT01699009 — A Nutritional Intervention for Migraines-2 (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Omega-3 Fatty Acids Natural product Human Study Lowering homocysteine with folic acids, B-6 and B-12 may have a therape… Human Study Magnesium taurate and fish oil may useful in the prevention migraine. Human Study These findings indicate that combination therapy of ω-3 fatty acids and…	Nutraceutical	Approved	Emerging	10	8 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02532023 — The Combined Effects of omega3 Fatty Acids and Curcumin Supplementation on Inflammatory and Endothelial Factors in Migraine Patients (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT04572789 — Omega-3 Fatty Acid in the Prevention of Migraine (COMPLETED) NA NCT05449145 — The Effects of Vitamin D Plus Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Patients With Episodic Migraine (UNKNOWN) NA NCT01547494 — A Nutritional Intervention for Migraines (COMPLETED) NA NCT02670161 — Quality Improvement and Practice Based Research in Neurology Using the EMR (ENROLLING_BY_INVITATION) PHASE4 NCT01699009 — A Nutritional Intervention for Migraines-2 (COMPLETED) NA NCT06899074 — Omega-3 Supplementation for Pediatric Migraine (COMPLETED) NA NCT07437313 — Marine Lipids Ease Painful TMD (NOT_YET_RECRUITING) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Folate Natural product Human Study Lowering homocysteine with folic acids, B-6 and B-12 may have a therape… Human Study Supplementation of folic acid with pyridoxine could decrease the charac… Review Pyridoxine, folate and cobalamin for migraine: A systematic review.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	1 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT06274255 — Serum Magnesium Level and Pediatric Migraine (UNKNOWN) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Vitamin B12 Natural product Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine. Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Combined antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine reduces headaches an…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
N-Acetylcysteine Natural product Human Study Combined antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine reduces headaches an… Human Study Lowering homocysteine with folic acids, B-6 and B-12 may have a therape… Human Study These results suggest that there is a possible link between migraine, m…	Amino acid	Phase III	Emerging	10	1 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02629536 — Effect on Migraine Frequency of Combined Anti-oxidant Therapy: The MIGRANT Study. (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Zinc Natural product Human Study These findings indicate an inverse association between dietary zinc int…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	10	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Calcium Natural product Human Study Serum magnesium levels are low and calcium/magnesium high in those with… Human Study Tryptophan, Niacin, Calcium, and Caffeine may have therapeutic value in…	Nutraceutical	Phase II	Emerging	10	8 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT03066544 — Status Migrainosus - Differentiating Between Responders and Non-responders (UNKNOWN) PHASE1, PHASE2 NCT02777359 — Precutaneous High Risk Patent Foramen Ovale to Treat Migraine Headaches (UNKNOWN) PHASE2 NCT03712917 — Comparison of Therapeutic Effects of Greater Occipital Nerve Block, Topiramate, and Flunarizine on Episodic Migraine (COMPLETED) NA NCT06753825 — Childhood Migraine Treatment Noninvasive Pulsed Radiofrequency vs Flunarizine (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) NCT03461874 — ACT Therapy for HF Migraine (COMPLETED) NA NCT06274255 — Serum Magnesium Level and Pediatric Migraine (UNKNOWN) NCT03132233 — Energy for the Brain (COMPLETED) NA NCT06016465 — Does Nerve Block + Oral Dexamethasone Reduce Recurrence of Headache Within 72 Hrs? (RECRUITING) EARLY_PHASE1 CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Niacin Natural product Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine. Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with migraine.	Nutraceutical	Phase II	Emerging	7	3 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA NCT05846373 — Effect of Nicotinic Acid as Add on Therapy in Patients Receiving β Blocker for Prophylaxis of Moderate to Severe Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT06624137 — Computer Game, Qualitative, and MEG/EEG Assessment of Serotonergic Psychedelics (RECRUITING) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Probiotics Natural product Human Study A 14-strain probiotic mixture could be an effective and beneficial supp…	Probiotic	Preclinical	Emerging	7	4 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT04305522 — Probiotics for the Prophylaxis of Migraine (UNKNOWN) NA NCT05042037 — Probiotics as Adjunctive Migraine Prophylaxis (UNKNOWN) NA NCT02342262 — The Effect of Probiotics on the Frequency and Intensity of Migraine Attacks and Intestinal Permeability (UNKNOWN) NA NCT04696458 — Effects of a Multispecies Probiotic on Migraine (UNKNOWN) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ClinicalTrials.gov, GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Coenzyme Q10 Natural product Meta Analysis, Review Coenzyme Q10 supplementation may reduce the frequency of migraine attac… Human Study After 3 months of treatment with the supplement, a reduction of migrain… Human Study Coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine supplements have beneficial effects on ser…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	4 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT04463875 — Magnesium, Vitamin B2, Feverfew, Andrographis Paniculata and Coenzyme Q10 for Episodic Migraine Prophylaxis (COMPLETED) NCT01010711 — Influence of a Dietary Supplement as Treatment of Migraine in Children and Adolescents (UNKNOWN) NA NCT02901756 — A Combination of Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew and Magnesium for Migraine Prophylaxis : a Prospective Observational Study (COMPLETED) NCT03190044 — Magnesium, Partenium, Andrographis, Co-enzyme Q10 and Riboflavin (PACR) in Migraine Prophylaxis (UNKNOWN) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Feverfew Natural product Human Study A supercritical extract of feverfew is safe and efficacious in migraine… Human Study Feverfew and white willow are well-tolerated and effective in migraine… Human Study Proprietary supplement containing feverfew, coenzyme Q10 and magnesium…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	3 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT04463875 — Magnesium, Vitamin B2, Feverfew, Andrographis Paniculata and Coenzyme Q10 for Episodic Migraine Prophylaxis (COMPLETED) NCT02901756 — A Combination of Coenzyme Q10, Feverfew and Magnesium for Migraine Prophylaxis : a Prospective Observational Study (COMPLETED) NCT04759040 — Improvement of Migraine Severity and Frequency With Migraineguard ™ (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Niacin Natural product Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine. Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Dietary vitamin C intake was inversely associated with migraine.	Nutraceutical	Phase II	Emerging	7	3 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02758990 — Interventional Testing of Gene-environment Interactions Via the Verifomics Mobile Application (TERMINATED) NA NCT05846373 — Effect of Nicotinic Acid as Add on Therapy in Patients Receiving β Blocker for Prophylaxis of Moderate to Severe Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT06624137 — Computer Game, Qualitative, and MEG/EEG Assessment of Serotonergic Psychedelics (RECRUITING) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Melatonin Natural product Cochrane review Efficacy of Melatonin as a Promising Intervention for Migraine Preventi… Meta Analysis, Review Coenzyme Q10 supplementation may reduce the frequency of migraine attac… Human Study Melatonin could be used in migraine prophylaxis treatments.	Nutraceutical	Phase III	Emerging	7	7 trials 1 Cochrane View evidence Registry trials NCT02344316 — Bringing Relief to Adolescents Naturally Using Melatonin for Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT03655184 — An Observation Study on Neuropsychology and Serum Melatonin Level in Patients With Medication Overuse Headache (UNKNOWN) NCT01357031 — Study With Amitriptylin to Evaluate the Efficacy of Melatonin in Treatment of Migraine (COMPLETED) PHASE3 NCT03597529 — CHOCOlate MeLatonin for AdolescenT MigrainE (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT00849511 — Melatonin for Migraine Prevention (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT03150797 — Melatonin for Adolescent Migraine Prevention Study (TERMINATED) PHASE2 NCT00739024 — A Study of a Melatonin Receptor Agonist to Prevent Migraine (TERMINATED) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Efficacy of Melatonin as a Promising Intervention for Migraine Prevention: A Systematic Review of Randomized Control Trials (Cureus, 2024) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Curcumin Natural product Human Study These findings indicate that combination therapy of ω-3 fatty acids and… Human Study These findings suggest a possible synergistic effect of nano-curcumin a… Human Study ω-3 fatty acids and curcumin supplementation can be considered as a new…	Food compound	Approved	Emerging	7	2 trials View evidence Registry trials NCT02532023 — The Combined Effects of omega3 Fatty Acids and Curcumin Supplementation on Inflammatory and Endothelial Factors in Migraine Patients (UNKNOWN) PHASE4 NCT06763809 — A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study to Evaluate the Effects of a Gummy and Capsule Supplement on Symptoms of Premenstrual Syndrome (COMPLETED) NA CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Pycnogenol Natural product Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Episodic primary migraine headache: prophylaxis with Pycnogenol precent… Human Study Pinus radiata bark extract and vitamin C led to a 50% reduction of freq…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Alpha-Lipoic Acid Natural product Human Study Lipoic acid may be beneficial in preventing migraines. Review Elimination of 'dietary triggers' and the inclusion of a numb…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	—	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Chamomile Natural product Human Study These results supported the efficacy of chamomile oleogel as a pain rel… Review Because of its mechanisms of action, it can be hypothesized that chamom…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
L-Carnitine Natural product Human Study Coenzyme Q10 and L-carnitine supplements have beneficial effects on ser… Human Study Combined antioxidant therapy with N-acetylcysteine reduces headaches an… Human Study Oral supplementation with magnesium oxide and L-carnitine and concurren…	Amino acid	Preclinical	Emerging	7	—	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Tryptophan Natural product Human Study Tryptophan, Niacin, Calcium, and Caffeine may have therapeutic value in…	Amino acid	Preclinical	Emerging	7	—	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Andrographis Natural product Animal Study Andrographis Paniculata shows anti-nociceptive effects in an animal mod…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	—	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Black Seed Oil Natural product Animal Study, In Vitro Study Thymoquinone may be a promising candidate to prevent the meningeal neur…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	7	—	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Ginkgo Biloba Natural product Human Study Ginkgo biloba appears to have value in preventing migraines in adolesce… Human Study Ginkgolide B, a compound found within Ginkgo biloba, is well-tolerated… Review Acupuncture and supplementation with various nutrients and herbs may ha…	Botanical	Preclinical	Emerging	2	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Cgs-15943 Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Neca Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Tamsulosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Terazosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Yohimbine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Indoramin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Phentolamine Natural product Presence of alpha-adrenoceptors in human temporal arteries. Comparison…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Prazosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Zm-241385 Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Clonidine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Apraclonidine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Doxazosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Mianserin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Akuammigine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Rauwolscine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Corynantheine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Oxymetazoline Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
1,3-DIPROPYL-8-CYCLOPENTYLXANTHINE [Dpcpx] Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
8-PHENYL Theophylline Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Namodenoson Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Atipamezole Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Vancomycin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Desglymidodrine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Phenylpropanolamine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Dexniguldipine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Niguldipine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Alprenolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Betaxolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Carteolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Propranolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Digoxin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Cassaine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Digitoxigenin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Digitoxin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
(2E,4E,6E,8E)-3,7-dimethyl-9-(2,6,6-trimethylcyclohexen-1-yl)nona-2,4,6,8-tetraen-1-ol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
(5-hydroxy-4,6-dimethyl-3-pyridyl)methyl phosphate Natural product Human Study Serum vitamin B12 and methylmalonic acid status in migraineurs.	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Caffeine Natural product Human Study Tryptophan, Niacin, Calcium, and Caffeine may have therapeutic value in…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
N-(2-Hydroxyethyl)palmitamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
(5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z)-eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraenoic acid;(9Z,12Z)-octadeca-9,12-dienoic acid Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	ClinicalTrials.gov	PubChem
Riboflavin (Vitamin B-2) Natural product Human Study After 3 months of treatment with the supplement, a reduction of migrain… Human Study Assessing the efficacy of magnesium oxide and riboflavin as preventativ… Meta Analysis Vitamin D treatment is effective to alleviate migraine.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Butterbur Natural product Human Study Butterbur has significant therapeutic value for the prevention of migra… Human Study Butterbur is an effective preventive treatment for migraine. Review Acupuncture and supplementation with various nutrients and herbs may ha…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Cannabis Natural product Human Study In this study the frequency of migraine headaches was decreased with me… Human Study Migraineurs reported significantly more migraine relief from cannabis c… Review Cannabis may contain compounds with therapeutic value in the treatment…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
5-HTP (5-Hydroxytryptophan) Natural product Human Study 5-HTP shows promise in the treatment of chronic primary headache.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Cilantro Natural product Human Study C. sativum fruit is efficient in reducing the duration and frequency of…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Pycnogenol (Pine Bark) Natural product Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Episodic primary migraine headache: prophylaxis with Pycnogenol precent… Human Study Pinus radiata bark extract and vitamin C led to a 50% reduction of freq…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Willow Bark Natural product Human Study Antioxidant therapy with pine bark, vitamin C and vitamin E may be bene… Human Study Feverfew and white willow are well-tolerated and effective in migraine… Human Study Pinus radiata bark extract and vitamin C led to a 50% reduction of freq…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Homeopathic Medicine: All Natural product Human Study Homeopathic treatment appears to have therapeutic value in the treatmen… Review Because of its mechanisms of action, it can be hypothesized that chamom…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Lavender Natural product Human Study Inhalation of Lavender essential oil was used in treatment of migraine…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Basil Natural product Human Study The efficacy of topical basil essential oil on relieving migraine heada…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Caffeine Natural product Human Study Tryptophan, Niacin, Calcium, and Caffeine may have therapeutic value in…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	PubChem GreenMedInfo
Gotu Kola Natural product Animal Study Centella asiatica (L.) Urban leaves demonstrated promising anti-nocicep…	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo
Peony Natural product Animal Study Pre-treatment with is beneficial for migraine headache treatment.	Nutraceutical	Preclinical	Emerging	0	—	GreenMedInfo	GreenMedInfo

Alterations and therapeutics are aggregated from public databases (Open Targets, HPO, ChEMBL, DGIdb, and others). Natural agents are candidates from OSMF narrative reviews on opensourcemed.info/chronic-disease.html — not approved treatments. This page is for research orientation only — not medical advice.

Disease overview

Remission & chronicity

Alterations

Therapeutics

Natural Products

Part of the Open Source Medicine Foundation Network