Disease overview

Alterations

116

Molecular (A)

100

Clinical (B–E)

Direct drugs

Via biomarker

295

Natural agents

Natural products

Merged ranked

375

With trial/literature evidence

Sources: Open Targets, ClinicalTrials.gov, DGIdb, ChEMBL, PubMed Literature, PubMed NP, ClinicalTrials.gov NP, ChEMBL NP · Pipeline phase 7 · Updated 2026-07-05

Remission & chronicity

Spontaneous remission

30-40% of people with AUD achieve sustained abstinence without formal treatment at 1 year (natural recovery); but functional impairment, liver damage, and mortality risk accumulate; relapse in 50-60% within 1 year even after treatment

Best-intervention remission

Naltrexone (COMBINE trial): 23% abstinence rate vs 14% placebo at 16 weeks; combined pharmacotherapy + CBT: best outcomes (~30-40% sustained abstinence at 1 year); acamprosate: reduces relapse risk 14% (meta-analysis); liver cirrhosis reversal with abstinence: fibrosis regression in 30-40% at 5 years

Drug-free remission

—

Relapse after remission

—

Chronicity

—

Gap size

Very large — vast majority of people with AUD never receive pharmacotherapy; <10% receive evidence-based treatment

Primary barrier

access/framing

Barrier detail: AUD is massively undertreated; only 5.7% of people with AUD in the US received any treatment in 2019 (SAMHSA); naltrexone and acamprosate are dramatically underprescribed (<1% of AUD patients); 12-step/abstinence framing excludes patients seeking harm reduction; primary care providers rarely screen or treat

Last SoC change: 2023 — GLP-1 agonists showing alcohol craving reduction (semaglutide reducing alcohol use in trials); 2006 acamprosate approved; naltrexone monthly injectable (Vivitrol) since 2006; naltrexone oral since 1994; disulfiram since 1951; essentially unchanged core pharmacotherapy for 30 years

Remission data layers: disease_db_100 · source-locked manual data · confidence: high

Identifiers: MONDO: MONDO:0002046 · ORPHA: ORPHA:99846

Alterations

116 total · Types A (molecular) through E (functional)

Name	Type	Subtype	Direction	Frequency	Evidence	Sources	Links
ACHE acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADH1B alcohol dehydrogenase 1B (class I), beta polypeptide	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADH1C alcohol dehydrogenase 1C (class I), gamma polypeptide	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1A adrenoceptor alpha 1A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1B adrenoceptor alpha 1B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA1D adrenoceptor alpha 1D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA2A adrenoceptor alpha 2A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA2B adrenoceptor alpha 2B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRA2C adrenoceptor alpha 2C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRB1 adrenoceptor beta 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ADRB2 adrenoceptor beta 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
ALDH5A1 aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Alcohol Consumption	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Alcohol Craving	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Alcohol dependence (ICD-10) (Change in number of criteria for alcohol dependence met)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
CA2 carbonic anhydrase 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CA4 carbonic anhydrase 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CACNA1C calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CACNA1D calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CACNA1F calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 F	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CACNA1S calcium voltage-gated channel subunit alpha1 S	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CELF4 CUGBP Elav-like family member 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CENPW centromere protein W	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CHRNA4 cholinergic receptor nicotinic alpha 4 subunit	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CHRNB2 cholinergic receptor nicotinic beta 2 subunit	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
CNR1 cannabinoid receptor 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
COMT catechol-O-methyltransferase	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
DRD2 dopamine receptor D2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Drinking Behavior	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
GABBR1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABBR2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type B receptor subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA3 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA4 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA5 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRA6 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit alpha6	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRB1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRB2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRB3 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit beta3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRD gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit delta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRE gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit epsilon	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRG1 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRG2 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRG3 gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit gamma3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRP gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit pi	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GABRQ gamma-aminobutyric acid type A receptor subunit theta	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GHSR growth hormone secretagogue receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GIPR gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GLP1R glucagon like peptide 1 receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA1 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA2 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA3 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIA4 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK1 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK2 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK3 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK4 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIK5 glutamate ionotropic receptor kainate type subunit 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIN1 glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIN2A glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIN2B glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIN2C glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIN2D glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 2D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIN3A glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 3A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
GRIN3B glutamate ionotropic receptor NMDA type subunit 3B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7)	Scales & PROs	Clinical scale	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
HCRTR1 hypocretin receptor 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HCRTR2 hypocretin receptor 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HRH3 histamine receptor H3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR1A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR2A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR2C 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 2C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
HTR3A 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 3A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Montgomery Asberg Depression Rating Scale - Self report (MADRS-S)	Scales & PROs	Clinical scale	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
NR3C1 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
NR3C2 nuclear receptor subfamily 3 group C member 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
NTRK3 neurotrophic receptor tyrosine kinase 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
OPRD1 opioid receptor delta 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
OPRK1 opioid receptor kappa 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
OPRM1 opioid receptor mu 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
OXTR oxytocin receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE10A phosphodiesterase 10A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE3A phosphodiesterase 3A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4A phosphodiesterase 4A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4B phosphodiesterase 4B	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4C phosphodiesterase 4C	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE4D phosphodiesterase 4D	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PDE5A phosphodiesterase 5A	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
PGR progesterone receptor	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Percent Heavy Drinking Days	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Percent days abstinent	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Percentage of Days That Participants (Without a Baseline Diagnosis of Drug Abuse or Dependence) Used Drugs or Alcohol	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Percentage of Days Used Drugs or Alcohol	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Proportion of Participants Abstinent From Both Drugs and Alcohol (28 Days Prior to Assessment) According to Self-report	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Proportion of Participants Abstinent From Both Drugs and Alcohol According to Combined Self-report and Urine	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Proportion of Participants Abstinent From Drugs (i.e., Marijuana, Cocaine or Opioids) According to Urine	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
Questions about help-seeking behavior	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—
SCN10A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 10	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN11A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 11	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN1A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN2A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN3A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN4A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN5A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 5	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN7A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 7	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN8A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 8	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SCN9A sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SLC6A2 solute carrier family 6 member 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SLC6A3 solute carrier family 6 member 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SLC6A4 solute carrier family 6 member 4	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SRD5A1 steroid 5 alpha-reductase 1	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SRD5A2 steroid 5 alpha-reductase 2	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
SRD5A3 steroid 5 alpha-reductase 3	Molecular	Gene	—	—	Emerging	Open Targets	UniProt Ensembl Open Targets
Time Line Follow Back (TLFB)	Lab / Clinical	Lab value	—	—	Emerging	ClinicalTrials.gov	—

Therapeutics

Direct disease associations, biomarker-linked drugs, OSMF narrative-review natural agents, merged ranking, and clinical trial / literature evidence (top agents)

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
NICOTINE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	8 trials 1 Cochrane 4 Meta-analysis 15 Trial pubs 12 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06880705 — The Trans-Led Care Study (RECRUITING) NA NCT03703258 — Tools for Health and Resilience Implemented After Violence Exposure (Project THRIVE) (COMPLETED) NA NCT06919276 — Nicotine and Cannabis Vape Labeling Experiment - Spring 2025 (COMPLETED) NA NCT00846859 — Does Varenicline Influence Alcohol Consumption in Alcohol Dependent Individuals? (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT01386138 — Treating South African Pregnant Women for Methamphetamine (COMPLETED) NA NCT04776278 — Behavioral Economic and Wellness-based Approaches for Reducing Alcohol Use and Consequences Among Emerging Adults (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) NA NCT01784627 — Trial of Computerized SBI to Reduce Teen Alcohol Use (WITHDRAWN) PHASE1 NCT01252706 — Estimation of Alcohol, Substance and Cigarettes Exposure Among Pregnant Women in the Israeli Periphery and Center, and the Contribution of Brief Intervention (UNKNOWN) NA Published literature Cochrane review Effect of High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Craving in Substance Use Disorder: A Meta-Analysis (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2017) Meta-analysis Global prevalence and risk factors of suicidality among head and neck cancer patients-systematic review and meta-analysis (Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2025) Meta-analysis Prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity in treatment-seeking problem gamblers: A systematic review and meta-analysis (The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2015) Meta-analysis Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in substance use disorder patients: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012) Clinical trial publication Treating Alcohol Use Disorder in U.S. Veterans: The Role of Traumatic Brain Injury (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2019) Clinical trial publication Developmental delays and psychiatric diagnoses are elevated in offspring staying in prisons with their mothers (Scientific reports, 2018) Clinical trial publication Varenicline for tobacco-dependence treatment in alcohol-dependent smokers: A randomized controlled trial (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2018) Clinical trial publication A Randomized Trial of Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation During Intensive Outpatient Alcohol Treatment (Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2017) Clinical trial publication Cessation of alcohol consumption decreases rate of nicotine metabolism in male alcohol-dependent smokers (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016) Randomized controlled trial Integrating smoking cessation and alcohol use treatment in homeless populations: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Trials, 2015) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	100	3 trials 1 Trial pubs 1 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT01518972 — Prazosin for Alcohol Dependence and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT00762710 — Study of the Medication Prazosin for Alcohol Dependence (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT02322047 — Prazosin and Naltrexone (PaN) Study for Veterans With Alcohol Use Disorders (COMPLETED) PHASE2 Published literature Clinical trial publication Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Prazosin for Alcohol Use Disorder (The American journal of psychiatry, 2018) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACEBUTOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETALDEHYDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALFUZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMBENONIUM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMBENONIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APIGENIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APOMORPHINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARBUTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ASENAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATIPAMEZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATROPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BENZGALANTAMINE GLUCONATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BETAMETHASONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BETHANIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BISOPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BISOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BRETYLIUM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BRIMONIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BRIMONIDINE TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROMOCRIPTINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CABERGOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARTEOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARTEOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARVEDILOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 Trial pubs View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication Effects of carvedilol therapy on QT-interval dispersion in congestive heart failure: is there a difference in the elderly? (Texas Heart Institute journal, 2003) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELIPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CHLORPROMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CISPLATIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	9 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CYCLOBENZAPRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEBRISOQUIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DEMECARIUM BROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DESIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILEVALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPIVEFRIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIPIVEFRIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISTIGMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOPAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONEDARONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DROXIDOPA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ECHOTHIOPHATE IODIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ECOTHIOPATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EDROPHONIUM CATION Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EDROPHONIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES, USP Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ESMOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ESMOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETOMIDATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FENOLDOPAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FENOTEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FLECAINIDE ACETATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FOMEPIZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	5 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FOSLEVODOPA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GALANTAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GALANTAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANABENZ Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GUANABENZ ACETATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
HEXAFLUORENIUM BROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROXYAMPHETAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ILOPERIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
IMIPRAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDACATEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
INDAPAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOETHARINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOFLUROPHATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOPROTERENOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOPROTERENOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LABETALOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LANDIOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LANDIOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBUNOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LEVOBUNOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVONORDEFRIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LURASIDONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MAFENIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MALATHION Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MECAMYLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEPERIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METARAMINOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHADONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHAMPHETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHAZOLAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOTRIMEPRAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOXSALEN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLDOPA ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHYLDOPATE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METIPRANOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METIPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIANSERIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILNACIPRAN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MINAPRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MINAPRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIRABEGRON Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIRTAZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MODAFINIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXISYLYTE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXONIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 Trial pubs 1 RCT View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication [Nadolol as an adjuvant to sclerotherapy of esophageal varices for prevention of recurrent hemorrhaging] (Revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas, 1994) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAFTOPIDIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALIDIXIC ACID Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	8 trials 2 Cochrane 1 Meta-analysis 20 Trial pubs 17 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT00145847 — Naltrexone Treatment of Alcohol Abuse in Schizophrenia (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00667875 — An Exploratory Study of Naltrexone Plus Aripiprazole for Alcohol Dependence (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT02885311 — Collaborative Care for Alcohol Use Disorders in the Patient-centered Medical Home (COMPLETED) PHASE1, PHASE2 NCT01115894 — Medication and Counseling for Controlled Drinking (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT01227044 — Reducing Heavy Drinking to Optimize HIV/AIDS Treatment and Prevention (COMPLETED) PHASE2, PHASE3 NCT00439049 — Substance Abuse Pre-Treatment Screening Study (UNKNOWN) NCT01625611 — Kappa-PET Imaging and Naltrexone in Alcohol Drinking Behaviors (COMPLETED) PHASE1 NCT06434818 — Enhanced Digital-Chemosensory-Based Olfactory Training for Remote Management of Substance Use Disorders (UNKNOWN) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Sleep and the Pharmacotherapy of Alcohol Use Disorder: Unfortunate Bedfellows. A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis (Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019) Cochrane review Disulfiram efficacy in the treatment of alcohol dependence: a meta-analysis (PloS one, 2014) Systematic review Smartphone Apps Targeting Alcohol and Illicit Substance Use: Systematic Search in in Commercial App Stores and Critical Content Analysis (JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2019) Systematic review Identification of molecular targets associated with ethanol toxicity and implications in drug development (Current pharmaceutical design, 2010) Clinical trial publication Combining behavioral harm-reduction treatment and extended-release naltrexone for people experiencing homelessness and alcohol use disorder in the USA: a randomised clinical trial (The lancet. Psychiatry, 2021) Clinical trial publication Treating Alcohol Use Disorder in U.S. Veterans: The Role of Traumatic Brain Injury (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2019) Clinical trial publication Patient predictors of substance use disorder treatment initiation in primary care (Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2018) Clinical trial publication An open-label pilot study of icariin for co-morbid bipolar and alcohol use disorder (The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2016) Clinical trial publication Pharmacological challenge with naloxone and cue exposure in alcohol dependence: results of a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial (The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, 2013) Randomized controlled trial Integrated Management of Physician-delivered Alcohol Care for Tuberculosis Patients: Design and Implementation (Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2010) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEFAZODONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NEOSTIGMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NEOSTIGMINE METHYLSULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIFEDIPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NITREFAZOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NOREPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	2 Trial pubs 2 RCT View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication Disulfiram treatment for cocaine dependence in methadone-maintained opioid addicts (Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2000) Clinical trial publication The association of buspirone and its metabolite 1-pyrimidinylpiperazine in the remission of comorbid anxiety with depressive features and alcohol dependency (Psychopharmacology bulletin, 1991) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORTRIPTYLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLANZAPINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXPRENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXPRENOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PAPAVERINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL SULFATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERGOLIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENDIMETRAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENTOLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE POLISTIREX Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYTOIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHYSOSTIGMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PINDOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PRACTOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRALIDOXIME CATION Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRONETALOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPAFENONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PROPAFENONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPANIDID Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPIOMAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPYLHEXEDRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE POLISTIREX Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PYRIDOSTIGMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RACEPINEPHRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA (USP) Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
REMIFENTANIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RILMENIDINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RISPERIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RIVASTIGMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RIVASTIGMINE TARTRATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SALMETEROL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SERTINDOLE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SILODOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SIROLIMUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUFENTANIL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SULBACTAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACRINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TACRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACROLIMUS ANHYDROUS Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAZOBACTAM Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TERAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERBUTALINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TETRAHYDROZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TETRAHYDROZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THIOGUANINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
THIORIDAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOLAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRAZODONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRETINOIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
TRIFLUOPERAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
XYLAZINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
YOHIMBINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	5 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ZIPRASIDONE Repurposing	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ACAMPROSATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARIPIPRAZOLE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CALCIUM CARBONATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SEMAGLUTIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOPIRAMATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VALPROIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZONISAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DARAPLADIB Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENRETINIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LYSERGIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Moderate	60	—	Open Targets, ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
(+/-)NICOTINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETYLCYSTEINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALCOHOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
APREMILAST	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATOMOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BACLOFEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BREXANOLONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPRENORPHINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPROPION	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANNABIDIOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CYTISINICLINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DARIDOREXANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DESIPRAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXAZOSIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DUTASTERIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EXENATIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GABAPENTIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GET-73	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IBUDILAST	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LORCASERIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAZDUTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEMANTINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPHENIDATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDOMAFETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIFEPRISTONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIMODIPINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLEOYLETHANOLAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ONDANSETRON	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYTOCIN	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEMVIDUTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PF-5190457	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PIOGLITAZONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PITOLISANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREDNISONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROBENECID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSILOCYBIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIMONABANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RISPERIDONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SARACATINIB	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SERTRALINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SPIRONOLACTONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUNOBINOP	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUVOREXANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIRZEPATIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOLCAPONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VARENICLINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VORTIOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
HUPERZINE A Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	—	DGIdb	—
ALPRENOLOL Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROLAMFETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARZENIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMECAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELLAGIC ACID Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENISOPROST Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENCAMFAMIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLEROXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IDOXIFENE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MERAFLOXACIN Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENAMFETAMINE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIDAPAMIDE Repurposing	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CITALOPRAM	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXMEDETOMIDINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICLOFENAC	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DULOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FISH OIL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAVOGLURANT	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MINOCYCLINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
N,N-DIMETHYLTRYPTAMINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALMEFENE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ORG-34517	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERAMPANEL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREGNENOLONE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CYCLOSERINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEFELSIRAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEFELSIRAN SODIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVETIRACETAM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ACAMPROSATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARIPIPRAZOLE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CALCIUM CARBONATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SEMAGLUTIDE	Biologic	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOPIRAMATE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VALPROIC ACID	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZONISAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	80	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
(+/-)NICOTINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETYLCYSTEINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALCOHOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
APREMILAST	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ATOMOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BACLOFEN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BETA-CARYOPHYLLENE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BREXANOLONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPRENORPHINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
BUPROPION	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CANNABIDIOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CYTISINICLINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DARIDOREXANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DESIPRAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXAZOSIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DUTASTERIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
EXENATIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLUOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GABAPENTIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GET-73	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
IBUDILAST	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
KETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LORCASERIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LYSERGIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAZDUTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEMANTINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLPHENIDATE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDOMAFETAMINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIFEPRISTONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NICOTINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	8 trials 1 Cochrane 4 Meta-analysis 15 Trial pubs 12 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06880705 — The Trans-Led Care Study (RECRUITING) NA NCT03703258 — Tools for Health and Resilience Implemented After Violence Exposure (Project THRIVE) (COMPLETED) NA NCT06919276 — Nicotine and Cannabis Vape Labeling Experiment - Spring 2025 (COMPLETED) NA NCT00846859 — Does Varenicline Influence Alcohol Consumption in Alcohol Dependent Individuals? (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT01386138 — Treating South African Pregnant Women for Methamphetamine (COMPLETED) NA NCT04776278 — Behavioral Economic and Wellness-based Approaches for Reducing Alcohol Use and Consequences Among Emerging Adults (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) NA NCT01784627 — Trial of Computerized SBI to Reduce Teen Alcohol Use (WITHDRAWN) PHASE1 NCT01252706 — Estimation of Alcohol, Substance and Cigarettes Exposure Among Pregnant Women in the Israeli Periphery and Center, and the Contribution of Brief Intervention (UNKNOWN) NA Published literature Cochrane review Effect of High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Craving in Substance Use Disorder: A Meta-Analysis (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2017) Meta-analysis Global prevalence and risk factors of suicidality among head and neck cancer patients-systematic review and meta-analysis (Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2025) Meta-analysis Prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity in treatment-seeking problem gamblers: A systematic review and meta-analysis (The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2015) Meta-analysis Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in substance use disorder patients: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012) Clinical trial publication Treating Alcohol Use Disorder in U.S. Veterans: The Role of Traumatic Brain Injury (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2019) Clinical trial publication Developmental delays and psychiatric diagnoses are elevated in offspring staying in prisons with their mothers (Scientific reports, 2018) Clinical trial publication Varenicline for tobacco-dependence treatment in alcohol-dependent smokers: A randomized controlled trial (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2018) Clinical trial publication A Randomized Trial of Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation During Intensive Outpatient Alcohol Treatment (Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2017) Clinical trial publication Cessation of alcohol consumption decreases rate of nicotine metabolism in male alcohol-dependent smokers (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016) Randomized controlled trial Integrating smoking cessation and alcohol use treatment in homeless populations: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Trials, 2015) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIMODIPINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLEOYLETHANOLAMIDE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ONDANSETRON	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYTOCIN	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PEMVIDUTIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PF-5190457	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PIOGLITAZONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PITOLISANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	3 trials 1 Trial pubs 1 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT01518972 — Prazosin for Alcohol Dependence and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT00762710 — Study of the Medication Prazosin for Alcohol Dependence (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT02322047 — Prazosin and Naltrexone (PaN) Study for Veterans With Alcohol Use Disorders (COMPLETED) PHASE2 Published literature Clinical trial publication Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Prazosin for Alcohol Use Disorder (The American journal of psychiatry, 2018) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREDNISONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROBENECID	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPRANOLOL	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PSILOCYBIN	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RIMONABANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
RISPERIDONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SARACATINIB	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SERTRALINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SPIRONOLACTONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUNOBINOP	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUVOREXANT	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIRZEPATIDE	Biologic	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOLCAPONE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VARENICLINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
VORTIOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	60	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CITALOPRAM	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEXMEDETOMIDINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICLOFENAC	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
DULOXETINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
FISH OIL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAVOGLURANT	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
MINOCYCLINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
N,N-DIMETHYLTRYPTAMINE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALMEFENE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
ORG-34517	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERAMPANEL	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PREGNENOLONE	Small molecule	Phase I	Emerging	35	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
CYCLOSERINE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEFELSIRAN	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEFELSIRAN SODIUM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVETIRACETAM	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE	Small molecule	Preclinical	Emerging	15	—	Open Targets	ChEMBL Open Targets

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Score	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
ACEBUTOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ACEBUTOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ACETALDEHYDE Repurposing via ADH1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ACETAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ALFUZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ALFUZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMBENONIUM Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMBENONIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIODARONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMITRIPTYLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
AMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
APIGENIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APOMORPHINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
APRACLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ARBUTAMINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ASENAPINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATENOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATIPAMEZOLE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ATROPINE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BENZGALANTAMINE GLUCONATE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BENZPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BETAMETHASONE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BETHANIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BICALUTAMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BISOPROLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BISOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BRETYLIUM Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
BRIMONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
BRIMONIDINE TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROMOCRIPTINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CABERGOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARBACHOL Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARTEOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CARTEOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARVEDILOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 Trial pubs View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication Effects of carvedilol therapy on QT-interval dispersion in congestive heart failure: is there a difference in the elderly? (Texas Heart Institute journal, 2003) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CARVEDILOL PHOSPHATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
CELIPROLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CHLORPROMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CIPROFLOXACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CISPLATIN Repurposing via ADH1C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	9 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CLOMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CLONIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CLOZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CYCLOBENZAPRINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ADH1C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
CYPROHEPTADINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DAPIPRAZOLE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DEBRISOQUIN Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DEMECARIUM BROMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DESIPRAMINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DEXMEDETOMIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
DEXTROAMPHETAMINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIAZEPAM Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DICHLORPHENAMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIETHYLSTILBESTROL Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DILEVALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIPIVEFRIN Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DIPIVEFRIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISTIGMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DISULFIRAM Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOBUTAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DONEPEZIL Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DONEPEZIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOPAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOPAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DOXAZOSIN MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
DRONEDARONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DROXIDOPA Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ECHOTHIOPHATE IODIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ECOTHIOPATE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EDROPHONIUM CATION Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EDROPHONIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPHEDRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPHEDRINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
EPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
EPIRUBICIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ERGOLOID MESYLATES, USP Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ERGOTAMINE TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ESMOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ESMOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETHOXZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ETOMIDATE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FENOLDOPAM Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FENOTEROL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FLECAINIDE ACETATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FLUMAZENIL Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FOMEPIZOLE Repurposing via ADH1C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	5 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
FORMOTEROL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
FOSLEVODOPA Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GALANTAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GALANTAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANABENZ Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
GUANABENZ ACETATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
GUANFACINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
HEXAFLUORENIUM BROMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
HYDROXYAMPHETAMINE HYDROBROMIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ILOPERIDONE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
IMIPRAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDACATEROL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
INDAPAMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
INDOMETHACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOETHARINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOFLUROPHATE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOPROTERENOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
ISOPROTERENOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOPROTERENOL SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
ISOSORBIDE DINITRATE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LABETALOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LABETALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LANDIOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LANDIOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBETAXOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVOBUNOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LEVOBUNOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LEVONORDEFRIN Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
LISDEXAMFETAMINE DIMESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
LOFEXIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
LURASIDONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MAFENIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MAGNESIUM CHLORIDE ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MALATHION Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MECAMYLAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MEPERIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MEPHENTERMINE SULFATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METARAMINOL Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METARAMINOL BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHADONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHAMPHETAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHAZOLAMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOTRIMEPRAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHOXAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHOXSALEN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METHYLDOPA ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METHYLDOPATE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METIPRANOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METIPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
METOPROLOL SUCCINATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
METOPROLOL TARTRATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIANSERIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIDODRINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIDODRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MILNACIPRAN Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MINAPRINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MINAPRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
MIRABEGRON Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MIRTAZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MODAFINIL Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXISYLYTE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
MOXONIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 Trial pubs 1 RCT View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication [Nadolol as an adjuvant to sclerotherapy of esophageal varices for prevention of recurrent hemorrhaging] (Revista espanola de enfermedades digestivas, 1994) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NADOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NAFTOPIDIL Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALIDIXIC ACID Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NALTREXONE Repurposing via ADH1C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	8 trials 2 Cochrane 1 Meta-analysis 20 Trial pubs 17 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT00145847 — Naltrexone Treatment of Alcohol Abuse in Schizophrenia (COMPLETED) PHASE4 NCT00667875 — An Exploratory Study of Naltrexone Plus Aripiprazole for Alcohol Dependence (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT02885311 — Collaborative Care for Alcohol Use Disorders in the Patient-centered Medical Home (COMPLETED) PHASE1, PHASE2 NCT01115894 — Medication and Counseling for Controlled Drinking (UNKNOWN) PHASE3 NCT01227044 — Reducing Heavy Drinking to Optimize HIV/AIDS Treatment and Prevention (COMPLETED) PHASE2, PHASE3 NCT00439049 — Substance Abuse Pre-Treatment Screening Study (UNKNOWN) NCT01625611 — Kappa-PET Imaging and Naltrexone in Alcohol Drinking Behaviors (COMPLETED) PHASE1 NCT06434818 — Enhanced Digital-Chemosensory-Based Olfactory Training for Remote Management of Substance Use Disorders (UNKNOWN) PHASE2 Published literature Cochrane review Sleep and the Pharmacotherapy of Alcohol Use Disorder: Unfortunate Bedfellows. A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis (Frontiers in pharmacology, 2019) Cochrane review Disulfiram efficacy in the treatment of alcohol dependence: a meta-analysis (PloS one, 2014) Systematic review Smartphone Apps Targeting Alcohol and Illicit Substance Use: Systematic Search in in Commercial App Stores and Critical Content Analysis (JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2019) Systematic review Identification of molecular targets associated with ethanol toxicity and implications in drug development (Current pharmaceutical design, 2010) Clinical trial publication Combining behavioral harm-reduction treatment and extended-release naltrexone for people experiencing homelessness and alcohol use disorder in the USA: a randomised clinical trial (The lancet. Psychiatry, 2021) Clinical trial publication Treating Alcohol Use Disorder in U.S. Veterans: The Role of Traumatic Brain Injury (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2019) Clinical trial publication Patient predictors of substance use disorder treatment initiation in primary care (Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2018) Clinical trial publication An open-label pilot study of icariin for co-morbid bipolar and alcohol use disorder (The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse, 2016) Clinical trial publication Pharmacological challenge with naloxone and cue exposure in alcohol dependence: results of a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial (The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, 2013) Randomized controlled trial Integrated Management of Physician-delivered Alcohol Care for Tuberculosis Patients: Design and Implementation (Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research, 2010) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NAPHAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NEBIVOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NEFAZODONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NEOSTIGMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NEOSTIGMINE METHYLSULFATE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NICOTINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	8 trials 1 Cochrane 4 Meta-analysis 15 Trial pubs 12 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT06880705 — The Trans-Led Care Study (RECRUITING) NA NCT03703258 — Tools for Health and Resilience Implemented After Violence Exposure (Project THRIVE) (COMPLETED) NA NCT06919276 — Nicotine and Cannabis Vape Labeling Experiment - Spring 2025 (COMPLETED) NA NCT00846859 — Does Varenicline Influence Alcohol Consumption in Alcohol Dependent Individuals? (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT01386138 — Treating South African Pregnant Women for Methamphetamine (COMPLETED) NA NCT04776278 — Behavioral Economic and Wellness-based Approaches for Reducing Alcohol Use and Consequences Among Emerging Adults (ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING) NA NCT01784627 — Trial of Computerized SBI to Reduce Teen Alcohol Use (WITHDRAWN) PHASE1 NCT01252706 — Estimation of Alcohol, Substance and Cigarettes Exposure Among Pregnant Women in the Israeli Periphery and Center, and the Contribution of Brief Intervention (UNKNOWN) NA Published literature Cochrane review Effect of High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Craving in Substance Use Disorder: A Meta-Analysis (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2017) Meta-analysis Global prevalence and risk factors of suicidality among head and neck cancer patients-systematic review and meta-analysis (Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer, 2025) Meta-analysis Prevalence of psychiatric co-morbidity in treatment-seeking problem gamblers: A systematic review and meta-analysis (The Australian and New Zealand journal of psychiatry, 2015) Meta-analysis Prevalence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in substance use disorder patients: a meta-analysis and meta-regression analysis (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2012) Clinical trial publication Treating Alcohol Use Disorder in U.S. Veterans: The Role of Traumatic Brain Injury (The Journal of neuropsychiatry and clinical neurosciences, 2019) Clinical trial publication Developmental delays and psychiatric diagnoses are elevated in offspring staying in prisons with their mothers (Scientific reports, 2018) Clinical trial publication Varenicline for tobacco-dependence treatment in alcohol-dependent smokers: A randomized controlled trial (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2018) Clinical trial publication A Randomized Trial of Contingency Management for Smoking Cessation During Intensive Outpatient Alcohol Treatment (Journal of substance abuse treatment, 2017) Clinical trial publication Cessation of alcohol consumption decreases rate of nicotine metabolism in male alcohol-dependent smokers (Drug and alcohol dependence, 2016) Randomized controlled trial Integrating smoking cessation and alcohol use treatment in homeless populations: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial (Trials, 2015) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NIFEDIPINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
NITREFAZOLE Repurposing via ADH1C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NOREPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	2 Trial pubs 2 RCT View evidence Published literature Clinical trial publication Disulfiram treatment for cocaine dependence in methadone-maintained opioid addicts (Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2000) Clinical trial publication The association of buspirone and its metabolite 1-pyrimidinylpiperazine in the remission of comorbid anxiety with depressive features and alcohol dependency (Psychopharmacology bulletin, 1991) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
NOREPINEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORFLOXACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
NORTRIPTYLINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OFLOXACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
OLANZAPINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXPRENOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXPRENOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
OXYMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PAPAVERINE Repurposing via ADRA1D	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PENBUTOLOL SULFATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PERGOLIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENDIMETRAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENOXYBENZAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENTOLAMINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENTOLAMINE MESYLATE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLEPHRINE BITARTRATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLEPHRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYLPROPANOLAMINE POLISTIREX Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHENYTOIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PHYSOSTIGMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PHYSOSTIGMINE SALICYLATE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PINDOLOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PRACTOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRALIDOXIME CATION Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRALIDOXIME CHLORIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRAZOSIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	3 trials 1 Trial pubs 1 RCT View evidence Registry trials NCT01518972 — Prazosin for Alcohol Dependence and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT00762710 — Study of the Medication Prazosin for Alcohol Dependence (COMPLETED) PHASE2 NCT02322047 — Prazosin and Naltrexone (PaN) Study for Veterans With Alcohol Use Disorders (COMPLETED) PHASE2 Published literature Clinical trial publication Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Prazosin for Alcohol Use Disorder (The American journal of psychiatry, 2018) CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
PRAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PRONETALOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPAFENONE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PROPAFENONE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPANIDID Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPIOMAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
PROPRANOLOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
PROPYLHEXEDRINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PSEUDOEPHEDRINE POLISTIREX Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PYRIDOSTIGMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
PYRIDOSTIGMINE BROMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
QUETIAPINE FUMARATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RACEPINEPHRINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
RAUWOLFIA SERPENTINA (USP) Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
REMIFENTANIL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RILMENIDINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RISPERIDONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RIVASTIGMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
RIVASTIGMINE TARTRATE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SALMETEROL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SERTINDOLE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SILODOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SIROLIMUS Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
SODIUM CHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SOTALOL HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
SUFENTANIL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
SULBACTAM Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACRINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TACRINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TACROLIMUS ANHYDROUS Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TAMSULOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TAZOBACTAM Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERAZOSIN Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TERAZOSIN HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TERBUTALINE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TETRAHYDROZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TETRAHYDROZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
THIOGUANINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
THIORIDAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIMOLOL MALEATE Repurposing via ADRB1	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TIZANIDINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TOLAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TOLAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TRAZODONE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRETINOIN Repurposing via ADH1C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	1 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
TRIFLUOPERAZINE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
TRIMIPRAMINE MALEATE Repurposing via ADRA1B	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
TROGLITAZONE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
XYLAZINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
XYLOMETAZOLINE HYDROCHLORIDE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	ChEMBL Open Targets
YOHIMBINE Repurposing via ADRA2C	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	5 pubs View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	DGIdb	—
ZIPRASIDONE Repurposing via ADRA1A	Small molecule	Approved	Strong	95	—	DGIdb	—
DARAPLADIB Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENRETINIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase III	Moderate	70	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
HUPERZINE A Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	50	—	DGIdb	—
ALPRENOLOL Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
AMIFLOXACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
BROLAMFETAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
CARZENIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIFLOXACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
DIMECAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ELLAGIC ACID Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ENISOPROST Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FENCAMFAMIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
FLEROXACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
IDOXIFENE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
LYSERGIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
MERAFLOXACIN Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
TENAMFETAMINE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets
ZIDAPAMIDE Repurposing via ACHE	Small molecule	Phase II	Emerging	45	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL Open Targets

Natural Products

49 natural products with the same evidence schema as repurposed drugs — registry trials, PubMed literature, and reference links (pipeline-ranked)

Reference lookups: GreenMedInfo · Examine.com

Drug	Type	Phase	Evidence	Trials & literature	Sources	Links
Tamsulosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Terazosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Yohimbine Natural product Sex differences in reinstatement of alcohol seeking in response to cues… Pharmacological stress is required for the anti-alcohol effect of the α… Pregabalin reduces alcohol drinking and relapse to alcohol seeking in t…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Indoramin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Phentolamine Natural product Hepatotoxicity related to intracavernous pharmacotherapy with papaverine	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Prazosin Natural product Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial of Prazosin for Alcohol Use Diso…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
N-Cyclohexylformamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Clonidine Natural product Postoperative alpha 2-adrenergic stimulation attenuates protein catabol…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Apraclonidine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Doxazosin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Mianserin Natural product Antidepressants for insomnia in adults Ten-year follow-up of 50 patients with bulimia nervosa	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Akuammigine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Rauwolscine Natural product A comparison of dehydroepiandrosterone and 7-keto dehydroepiandrosteron…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Corynantheine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Oxymetazoline Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Dorzolamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Methazolamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Acetazolamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Neostigmine Bromide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Ranitidine Natural product Do H2-receptor antagonists cause acute pancreatitis? The pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in patients with chronic duodenal ul…	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	No indexed hits View evidence CT.gov search · Cochrane · PubMed	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Physostigmine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Huprine X Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Edrophonium Bromide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridin-9-ylamine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Huperzine a Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
N-Heptylformamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Atipamezole Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Vancomycin Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Desglymidodrine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Phenylpropanolamine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Dexniguldipine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Niguldipine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Alprenolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Betaxolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Carteolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Propranolol Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Valdecoxib Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
4,5-dichlorobenzene-1,3-disulfonamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
4-(aminomethyl)benzenesulfonamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Brinzolamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Aminocarbonyl Dihydrogen Phosphate Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Pala Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Trisodium;citrate Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Sulfamate Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Ethoxzolamide Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Topiramate Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Nifedipine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Nitrendipine Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL
Verapamil Natural product	Food compound	Preclinical	Emerging	—	ChEMBL	ChEMBL PubChem ChEMBL

Alterations and therapeutics are aggregated from public databases (Open Targets, HPO, ChEMBL, DGIdb, and others). Natural agents are candidates from OSMF narrative reviews on opensourcemed.info/chronic-disease.html — not approved treatments. This page is for research orientation only — not medical advice.

Disease overview

Remission & chronicity

Alterations

Therapeutics

Natural Products

Part of the Open Source Medicine Foundation Network